Including 2564 Cases at least in December
SNHR has published its monthly report documenting the arbitrary arrests by the conflict parties in Syria for the month of December.
The report asserts that SNHR abides by the highest standards for documentation, and notes the challenges that the detention documentation encounters. One of the most notable challenges is the families’ reluctance to cooperate and reveal any information on their family members’ arrest even secretively and especially if the arrested individual was a female due to a prevalent notion among the Syrian society that doing so would result in more torture and risks.
Also, the report notes that the international community’s and the United Nations’, in all of its organs, failure to apply pressure on the Syrian authorities to release even one case (including those whose sentences are over), and even prisoners of conscience, was one of the reasons the Syrian society believe it is useless to cooperate in the documentation process. Most of the releases were part of exchange deals with factions from armed opposition.
Furthermore, the report says that SNHR possesses lists of more than 117,000 detainees, including children and women, it should be noted that we estimate that the actual number of detainees have exceeded 215,000; 99% of them are being detained mainly by Syrian regime forces. These number don’t include detainees over criminal charges, and include arrests that happened as part of the internal armed conflict and mainly over the opposition activity against the ruling authorities. Furthermore, The Syrian government denies that it made any arrests or executed any abductions when asked by the detainees’ families.
The report highlights the mounting number of arrests which were, according to the report, due to many reasons such as the fact that many arrested individuals weren’t arrested because of a crime they committed, but because their relatives’ involvement with armed opposition factions or because of their involvement in providing humanitarian aids. Also, most of the arrests are being conducted randomly and involve people who weren’t involved in the popular protests, relief, or even military activity. In addition, there are many government-forces-affiliated entities that are authorized to make arrests, many of these entities make arrests without checking with Syrian regime forces or the judicial authorities to which these entities are affiliated. Also, these entities have its own list of detention centers that are not subject to any judicial supervision. The detainees inside these detention centers are not being treated in accordance with the stated Syrian laws.
The report notes that Arbitrary arrests made in December were notable for Syrian regime forces carrying out wide arrests that involved the civilians fleeing Aleppo city’s eastern neighborhoods to the Syrian regime forces’ area of control. Also, Syrian regime forces carried out almost daily raiding and arrest campaigns that involved civilians in the main neighborhoods of Damascus, Aleppo, and Hama cities. The arrests made in Damascus focused on the age group 18-42 for the purpose of conscription, while Syrian regime forces targeted the families of activists and armed opposition fighters in Hama and Aleppo.
Furthermore, ISIS continues to enforce its policy of arbitrary arrests against civilians in its areas. The arrests included those who violated the organization’s forcibly-imposed regulations, owners of phone shops, internet cafes, exchange shops and civilians who are trying to flee ISIS-held areas to areas under the control of armed opposition.
In contrast, Kurdish Self-management forces also continues its policy of arbitrary arrests and enforced-disappearance against civilians and political and media activists who oppose its views in its areas. The arrests were concentrated in Al Hasakeh city and Ifreen city in the suburbs of Aleppo governorate in addition to expanded arrest campaigns for the purpose of conscription that centered in Al Qamishli, in the suburbs of Al Hasaka governorate, and Ifreen.
The report says that no less than 10,047 cases of arbitrary arrest in 2016 including 431 children and 539 women. Among the detainees of 2016, 7543 individuals were arrested, including 251 children and 448 women, at the hands of Syrian regime forces, and 1419 individuals including 103 children and 50 women at the hands of ISIS. Additionally, 234 individuals were arrested by Fateh Al Sham Front including 16 children. Armed opposition factions arrested 178 individuals including six children and two women. Additionally, Kurdish Self-management forces arrested 673 individuals including 55 children and 33 women.
The report notes that 2564 individuals at least were arrested in December including 2312 detainees by Syrian regime forces who were divided into 2179 men, 44 children, and 89 women.
Also, Self-management forces arrested 41 individuals as follows: 37 men, one woman, and three children.
According to the report, armed opposition factions arrested 19 individuals including one woman, while the other 18 detainees were all men. ISIS arrested 174 individuals including four children and six women whereas the rest of the detainees, 164, were men. In addition, Fateh Al Sham Front (Formerly Al Nussra Front) arrested 18 men.
The report documents 342 releases including 277 cases from Syrian regime forces detention centers in addition to 20 releases from Self-management forces, and 28 from ISIS-affiliated detention centers.
According to the report, Fateh Al Sham Front released five individuals while armed opposition factions released 12 individuals.
The report distinguishes between individuals released from Syrian regime forces’ civil and military prisons and individuals released from security branches who were 222 and 55 respectively.
The report notes that no less than 129 inspection points that resulted in detentions have been documented across Syria. Most of the points were in Damascus suburbs governorate, while Syrian regime forces carried out the most raids followed by ISIS.
The report also records 161 abduction cases that SNHR hasn’t been able to identify their perpetrators. 116 cases of the 161 cases, however, took place in areas controlled by Syrian regime forces.
The report notes that the detainees issue hasn’t seen any notable progress even though it was included in the “Cessation of Hostiles” statement. Therefore, the report emphasizes that all arbitrary arrest and enforced-disappearance cases must be ceased and the families of the detainees must be allowed to visit their beloved ones. Also, the report recommends that all women and children must be released and the use of them as war hostages must stop.
Furthermore, the report emphasizes the necessity of granting the international independent monitors of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, which was established by the UN, and the International Committee of the Red Cross unrestricted access to all the official and non-official detention centers. Also, A UN committee should be formed to see to the release of the detainees periodically and per a timetable that must be presented by all the detaining parties and mainly Syrian regime forces that is detaining 99% of all detainees.
The report calls on the Security Council to monitor the implementation of the following resolution:
Resolution 2042, adopted on 14 April 2012, Resolution 2043, adopted on 21 April 2012, and Resolution 2139, adopted on 22 February 2014 which states and end to the crime of enforced-disappearance.
Finally, the report asserts that the UN and the international community must uphold their responsibilities with respect to hundreds of thousands of detainees and forcibly-disappeared individuals in Syria.