SNHR has published its monthly report documenting the arbitrary arrests by the conflict parties in Syria for the month of January.
The report asserts that SNHR abides by the highest standards for documentation, and notes the challenges that the detention documentation encounters. One of the most notable challenges is the families’ reluctance to cooperate and reveal any information on their family members’ arrest even secretively and especially if the arrested individual was a female due to a prevalent notion among the Syrian society that doing so would result in more torture and risks.
Also, the report notes that the international community’s and the United Nations’, in all of its organs, failure to apply pressure on the Syrian authorities to release even one case (including those whose sentences are over), and even prisoners of conscience, was one of the reasons the Syrian society believe it is useless to cooperate in the documentation process. Most of the releases were part of exchange deals with the armed opposition.
Furthermore, the report says that SNHR possesses lists of more than 117,000 detainees, including children and women, it should be noted that we estimate that the actual number of detainees have exceeded 215,000; 99% of them are being detained mainly by Syrian regime forces. These number don’t include detainees over criminal charges, and include arrests that happened as part of the internal armed conflict and mainly over the opposition activity against the ruling authorities. Furthermore, The Syrian government denies that it made any arrests or executed any abductions when asked by the detainees’ families.
The report highlights the mounting number of arrests which were, according to the report, due to many reasons such as the fact that many arrested individuals weren’t arrested because of a crime they committed, but because their relatives’ involvement with armed opposition factions or because of their involvement in providing humanitarian aids. Also, most of the arrests are being conducted randomly and involve people who weren’t involved in the popular protests, relief, or even military activity. In addition, there are many government-forces-affiliated entities that are authorized to make arrests, many of these entities make arrests without checking with Syrian regime forces or the judicial authorities to which these entities are affiliated. Also, these entities have its own list of detention centers that are not subject to any judicial supervision. The detainees inside these detention centers are not being treated in accordance with the stated Syrian laws.
The report notes that arbitrary arrests made in January were notable for Syrian regime forces’ almost daily raiding and arrest campaigns that involved civilians in the main neighborhoods of Damascus, Aleppo, and Hama cities. The arrests made in Damascus focused on the age group 18-42 for the purpose of conscription while Syrian regime forces targeted the families of activists and armed opposition fighters in Hama and Aleppo. Additionally, the Lebanese group Hezbollah’s militias arrested a number carried out arrest campaigns targeting civilians fleeing the military operations in Wadi Barada area,
Furthermore, ISIS continues to enforce its policy of arbitrary arrests against civilians in its areas. The arrests included those who violated the organization’s forcibly-imposed regulations, owners of phone shops, internet cafes, exchange shops and civilians who are trying to flee ISIS-held areas to areas under the control of armed opposition.
In contrast, Self-management forces also continues its policy of arbitrary arrests and enforced-disappearance against civilians and political and media activists who oppose its views in its areas. The arrests were concentrated in Al Hasakeh city and Ifreen city in the suburbs of Aleppo governorate in addition to expanded arrest campaigns for the purpose of conscription that centered in Al Qamishli, in the suburbs of Al Hasaka governorate, and Ifreen.
Fateh Al Sham Front (Formerly Al Nussra Front) carried out wide arrest campaigns targeting affiliates of armed opposition factions, especially in the areas where the recent conflicts took place between the group and armed opposition factions in the southern suburbs of Idlib governorate.
The report notes that 389 individuals at least were arrested in January including 286 detainees by Syrian regime forces who were divided into 258 men, 11 children, and 17 women.
Also, Self-management forces arrested 22 individuals as follows: 19 men, two children, and one woman.
ISIS arrested 49 individuals including four children and three women, whereas the remaining 42 were men. Fateh Al Sham Front, on the other hand, arrested 19 individuals all men.
Armed opposition factions arrested 13 individuals – 12 men and one child.
The report documents 234 releases including 182 cases from Syrian regime forces detention centers in addition to 17 releases from Self-management forces and 21 from ISIS-affiliated detention centers.
According to the report, Fateh Al Sham Front released five individuals while armed opposition factions released nine individuals.
The report distinguishes between individuals released from Syrian regime forces’ civil and military prisons and individuals released from security detention centers who were 146 and 36 respectively.
The report notes that no less than 133 inspection points that resulted in detentions have been documented across Syria. Most of the points were in Damascus governorate while Syrian regime forces carried out the most raids followed by ISIS.
The report also records 176 abduction cases that SNHR hasn’t been able to identify their perpetrators. 122 cases of the 176 cases, however, took place in areas controlled by Syrian regime forces.
The report notes that the detainees issue hasn’t seen any notable progress even though it was included in the “Cessation of Hostiles” statement. Therefore, the report emphasizes that all arbitrary arrest and enforced-disappearance cases must be ceased and the families of the detainees must be allowed to visit their beloved ones. Also, the report recommends that all women and children must be released and the use of them as war hostages must stop.
Furthermore, the report emphasizes the necessity of granting the international independent monitors of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, which was established by the UN, and the International Committee of the Red Cross unrestricted access to all the official and non-official detention centers. Also, A UN committee should be formed to see to the release of the detainees periodically and per a timetable that must be presented by all the detaining parties and mainly Syrian regime forces that is detaining 99% of all detainees.
The report calls on the Security Council to monitor the implementation of the following resolution:
Resolution 2042, adopted on 14 April 2012, Resolution 2043, adopted on 21 April 2012, and Resolution 2139, adopted on 22 February 2014 which states and end to the crime of enforced-disappearance.
Finally, the report asserts that the UN and the international community must uphold their responsibilities with respect to hundreds of thousands of detainees and forcibly-disappeared individuals in Syria.