13 Medical and Civil Defense Personnel Killed and 17 Attacks on Their Facilities in June
SNHR has released its monthly special report that documents violations against medical personnel, civil defense personnel, and their respective facilities by the parties to the conflict in Syria. The report documents that 86 medical, civil defense, and Red Crescent facilities were killed in Syria in the first half of 2018, while their facilities were targeted in 165 attacks in the same period of time.
The report stresses that saving the wounded is branded now as a dangerous profession that might lead to death, in light of the blatant international humanitarian law violations that affect medical facilities and their workers.
According to the report, the Syrian regime has perpetrated the majority of crimes against medical personnel and their medical facilities, as its forces have raided hospitals and abducted some of the wounded, and targeted hospitals and medical points using shells, missiles, and barrel bombs, while their forces have bombed civil defense facilities and international humanitarian insignia repeatedly, killing many of their personnel.
The report notes that the rest of the parties to the conflict have perpetrated similar violations but to less extents and at smaller rates. ISIS members raided makeshift hospitals and dispensaries and abducted some of the wounded, doctors, and paramedics. Also, ISIS barred some doctors from practicing as per their discriminative laws while the Coalition forces (international coalition and SDF) have targeted a number of hospitals and medical points.
The report adds that violations against medical and civil defense personnel does not only impact them, but also extends to the lives of the people who are in need of medical care services, treatment, and rescue. Consequently, these violations result in the death of many of the wounded and those who were trapped in rubble.
Fadel Abdul Ghany, chairman of SNHR, says:
“Attacks on medical and civil defense centers as well as medical and civil defense personnel are considered a blatant violation of the international humanitarian law and constitute war crimes given the indiscriminate, and in many cases, deliberate, targeting of protected objects. All of this have only deepened the suffering of the wounded and injured and is one of the main reasons behind the displacement of the Syrian people as it sends a very clear message: there is no safe area, or a red line, including hospitals, you either flee or perish.”
The report draws upon daily documentation and monitoring, and on accounts from survivors, eyewitnesses, and local media activists, in addition to analyzing a large number of pictures and videos that were posted online or sent by local activists according to the report.
The report notes that June saw a rise in the number of medical and civil defense personnel killed compared to May and April. Syrian-Russian alliance forces topped all parties by killing nine of 13 medical and civil defense personnel killed in June. Of those, eight were killed in Daraa governorate which has been the target of a vicious offensive launched by Syrian-Russian alliance forces in mid-June.
The report adds that Syrian-Russian alliance forces also topped all parties with respect to attacks on vital medical and civil defense facilities in June. Two-thirds of their attacks were concentered in Daraa governorate, as 10 attacks, six on medical facilities and four on civil defense facilities (centers and building), took place in the last third of June.
The report records that 86 medical, civil defense, and Red Crescent facilities have been killed since the start of 2018 at the hands of the parties to the conflict in Syria. Of those, 51 were killed by Syrian regime forces, while forces believed to be Russian forces were responsible for 13 deaths. In addition, ISIS and Self-Management forces each killed two, whereas four were killed by international coalition forces and 14 were killed by other parties.
The report breaks down the victims of the first half of 2018, as Syrian regime forces killed one doctor, 10 nurses, including four women, six paramedics, 19 civil defense personnel, one Red Crescent personnel, and 14 medical personnel, including one woman. Russian forces killed three doctors, including one woman, one paramedic, eight civil defense personnel, and one female medical staffer.
The report adds that ISIS killed two doctors, including one woman, while Self-Management forces killed one pharmacist and one civil defense personnel. International coalition forces killed three nurses, including one woman, and one paramedic. Other parties killed three doctors, including one woman, one nurse, one paramedic, one female pharmacist, seven civil defense personnel, and one medical personnel.
Moreover, the report documents 165 attacks on vital medical, civil defense, and Red Crescent facilities in the first half of 2018, including 91 attacks by Syrian regime forces that targeted 55 medical facilities, three ambulances, 28 civil defense facilities, and five Red Crescent facilities.
According to the report, Russian forces were responsible for 51 attacks in the first half of 2018, including 23 on medical facilities, while ambulances were targeted in 12 attacks and civil defense facilities in 16 attacks. Self-Management forces and international coalition forces each carried out two attacks on medical facilities. Other parties were responsible for 19 attacks – nine on medical facilities, three on ambulances, three on civil defense facilities, and four on Red Crescent facilities.
The report outlines the toll of June’s violations, as it documents that 13 medical and civil defense personnel were killed in June at the hands of Syrian regime forces, Russian forces, Kurdish Self-Management forces, and other parties.
The report breaks down June’s victims, as Syrian regime forces killed on nurse, one paramedic, four civil defense personnel, and four medical personnel. Russian forces, on the other hand, killed one civil defense personnel, while Kurdish Self-Management forces killed one pharmacist. Lastly, other parties killed one doctor and two civil defense personnel in June.
The report records 17 attacks on vital medical and civil defense facilities in June, including 14 by Syrian regime forces that targeted nine medical facilities and five civil defense facilities. Additionally, Russian forces were responsible for one attack on a civil defense facility. Other parties were responsible for two attacks on one civil defense facility and one Red Crescent facility respectively.
The report stresses that the attacks constitute a violations of Security Council resolutions 2139 and 2254 which state that indiscriminate attacks must be ceased. Also, the crime of willful killing constitutes a violation of Article 7 and 8 of Rome Statute, which qualify as war crimes
The report adds that the attacks mentioned in this report constitute violations of Security Council resolution 2286 which states that attacks and threats against the wounded and sick, medical personnel and humanitarian personnel exclusively engaged in medical duties, their means of transport and equipment should be ceased, as well as hospitals and other medical facilities.
The report calls on the Security Council to take additional steps after resolutions 2139 and 2254 have been adopted. Also, the report stresses that the Syrian case should be referred to the International Criminal Court and all those who were involved should be held accountable, including the Russian regime whose involvement in war crimes has been proven.
In addition, the report calls for the implementation of the “Responsibility to Protect (R2P)” norm, especially after all political channels have been consumed through all agreements, as well as Cessation of Hostilities statements and Astana agreements. The report stresses that action should be taken under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, and the “Responsibility to Protect” norm, which was established by the United Nations General Assembly, should be implemented.
The report calls on the European Union and the United States of America to support the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism that was established in accordance with General Assembly Resolution 71/248, adopted on December 21, 2016. And establish local tribunals that enjoy a universal jurisdiction, and address the war crimes that were perpetrated in Syria.
Also, the report calls on the Commission of Inquiry (COI) and the International, Impartial, and Independent Mechanism (IIIM) to launch investigations on the incidents included in this report and past reports. The report stresses that SNHR is willing to cooperate and provide more evidences and data.
The report calls on the Syrian regime to stop treating the Syrian state as a private family property, cease the terrorization of the Syrian people through killing the teams that provide medical, aid, and rescue services, as well as to cease bombing hospitals, protected objects, and civilian areas, respect the customary law, and, lastly, shoulder all the legal and material repercussions, and compensate victims and their families from the Syrian state’s resources.
Additionally, the report calls on the Russian regime and international coalition forces to launch investigations in the incidents included in the report, made the findings of these investigations public to the Syrian people, and hold all who were involved accountable.
Further, the report calls on the SDF-supporting states to apply pressure on these forces in order to compel them to cease all of their violations in all the areas and towns that are under their control. And cease all forms of support, including weapons.
Lastly, the report calls on the armed opposition factions to ensure the protection of civilians in all areas and launch investigations into the attacks that resulted in civilian deaths. The report also stresses that armed opposition factions should distinguish between military and civilian targets and abstain from any indiscriminate attacks.